As of mid-December, agro-export by water transport amounted to 2.9 million tons, including planned arrivals of vessels.

Analysts from Spike Brokers report that shipment volumes through the Danube ports of Ukraine are significantly lower than those of seaports.

"Stable demand for cargo transportation from Ukrainian Black Sea ports is keeping freight rates unchanged."

Market freight rates for river transportation:

• Izmail, Ukraine to Constanta, Romania: €20-25 (1-3 thousand tons); Market freight rates for maritime transportation:

• Chornomorsk, Ukraine to Spain: $39-42 (30-35 thousand tons);

• Chornomorsk, Ukraine to Italy: $35-38 (30-35 thousand tons);

• Chornomorsk, Ukraine to Morocco: $39-42 (30-35 thousand tons);

• Chornomorsk, Ukraine to Egypt: $34-38 (30-35 thousand tons);

• Chornomorsk, Ukraine to Spain: $35-38 (60-65 thousand tons);

• Chornomorsk, Ukraine to China: $60-65 (60-65 thousand tons).