The number of Russia’s hybrid attacks in Europe has rapidly increased since the start of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine. From 2014 to 2024, over 200 incidents have been documented — ranging from sabotage and disinformation to cyberattacks and electronic GPS jamming. More than 86% of these occurred after 2022, and in 2024 alone, there were six times more attacks than the previous year.
The main targets remain energy, transport, and communications. Since the beginning of 2025, attacks have been recorded on underwater cables, water supply facilities, and attempts to disrupt air transportation within EU countries.
The activity of Russian agents is systemic: on average, 20 countries faced attacks annually between 2022 and 2024. The most frequently targeted states are those actively supporting Ukraine — notably Poland, the Baltic countries, Finland, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Norway.
The goal of these operations is to provoke internal problems to weaken European solidarity and reduce support for Kyiv.
