The Ministry of Defense has developed a qualification system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operators. The system consists of four basic qualification levels (BKL), each defining the capabilities and limitations for operating various types of drones.
The initial BKL I level is designed for operating micro and mini UAVs. It allows visual flights in airspace classes E, F, and G according to ICAO classification at altitudes up to 900 meters above the ground. The operator must understand the basics of aviation meteorology, be familiar with the characteristics of their drone, and possess basic navigation skills.
The second level, BKL II, expands the capabilities to operate small class I UAVs and adds access to class D airspace at altitudes up to 1,500 meters. At this level, there are requirements for working with radar stations and advanced flight planning, taking wind conditions at different altitudes into account.
BKL III opens the possibility of operating tactical UAVs in all airspace, except class A, at altitudes up to 5,500 meters. The operator must be able to fly using instruments, work with recognition and collision avoidance systems, and perform takeoffs and landings at various airfields.
The highest level, BKL IV, grants the right to operate operational and strategic class III UAVs in any airspace and under any weather conditions. The operator must possess skills in instrument flight, satellite communication, and coordination with air traffic control authorities.
Each basic qualification level contains a clear list of knowledge, skills, and competencies required for UAV operators. This standardization will allow units to effectively cooperate on the front line and fully leverage the combat potential of unmanned systems.
It is important to note that for flights beyond visual line of sight, BKL IV is mandatory, regardless of the drone's size. Each subsequent level includes all the requirements of the previous ones and requires appropriate training with practical skill demonstrations.
The requirements have been developed in accordance with the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Resolution No. 1129 dated October 1, 2024, regarding the implementation of the experimental project on the certification of UAV operator schools.
